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- DATE: JAN. 25, 1991 18:32 REPORT:
- TO: SPL
- FOR: LISA BEYER
- CC:
- BUREAU: CAIRO
- BY: WILLIAM DOWELL
- IN: DHAHRAN
- SLUG: TOUGH OPTIONS
-
- The strategy which is actually being followed in the
- Gulf is different from the one described in the query. As
- the command here sees it the masses of average Iraqi
- soldiers are quite literally trapped in Kuwait. In front
- (i.e. facing south) they not only have the formidable
- ground forces of the U.S. and coalition forces, but they
- also have mine fields and bewildering array of obstacles
- intended to keep U.S. ground forces from invading.
- Crossing that, even to surrender, is not obvious. To the
- North, the Iraqi troops have the Republican Guard. This
- is standard Soviet strategy. If the allied forces invade,
- the common, not-very-motivated Iraqi will be chewed up as
- canon fodder. By the time the invasion force hits the
- Republican Guards it's edge will be blunted. If the Iraqi
- troops in between try to escape, they will be mowed down
- by the Guard. The Iraqi soldiers know that, so they stay
- in place. What the U.S. has done is to sidestep the trap
- and to strike first at the Republican Guards with heavy
- bombing. Once the Guards are shattered--which seems
- likely, since there is no real place to hide from bombing
- in the desert, the troops in Kuwait will have an open
- channel to return home if they want. Moreover it will
- become clear that if the best troops cracked there is not
- much hope for the average troops. The incentive to give
- up the battle will be increased. By disrupting
- communications and supplies, the U.S. is further
- increasing the sense of isolation of the Iraqi troops in
- Kuwait. From a distance the bombing seems cruel. Infact,
- the U.S. seems to have gone to extraordinary lengths to
- avoid killing more people than it has to.
-
- As for the options: Carpet bombing the hell out of
- Kuwait is not really the style of an officer like General
- Schwarzkopf. The point is not to flail out randomely, but
- to strike precisely at weak points that are likely to
- convince the other side to stop. Targetting Saddam might
- sound attractive, but it is not very practical. He
- undoubtedly has bunkers deep enough underground to
- survive any air attack. He is also surrounded by
- bodyguards. The only people in a position to murder
- Saddam are his own officers. They would have to first
- overcome the loyalty of Saddam's personal guard. Despite
- what any official says, nuclear weapons are always an
- option as long as you have them. At the moment U.S.
- officials say they would not use a nuclear option in the
- Gulf, and they believe that they don't have to. If Saddam
- were to use biological weapons effectively that opinion
- might change rapidly. What is unsettling about the Gulf
- situation is that we do not know for certain what we
- would do if the provocation were great enough. That said,
- using nuclear weapons would open a pandora's box for the
- future.
-
- The issue of fairness does enter into how people judge
- the situation. One Arab worker here in Saudi Arabia
- commented after watching news coverage on TV, "They have
- lost all humanity." Who? "The Americans," he responded.
- In fact, the U.S. following its own vision of fairness,
- has tried to avoid hitting civilian targets, while Saddam
- recognizing his own impotence has done just the opposite.
- Whether othr Arab countries will see it that way remains
- to be seen. Is that a crushing defeat which is allowed to
- be interpreted as a defeat of the iraqi people could
- create a well spring of resentment and bitterness that
- might come back to haunt the United States for years
- afterwards.
-
- The other question that we have to consider is how far
- we want to go. We want to eliminate Saddam. That makes
- sense. But do we want to occuppy Iraq for years to come.
- Who will police Iraq if the Iraqi Army is destroyed? Who
- will foot the bill for putting the pieces back together?
- Who will provide the occupation forces? It seems
- increasingly obvious that the United States is not going
- to be able to hand a liberated Kuwait back to the
- Kuwaitis and simply walk away. The extent to which we
- destroy Iraq will very likely determine just how deeply
- involved we will be obliged to be in the aftermath of
- this crisis for years to come.
-
-